Abstract:
The main morphological structural lesion substrate is myocardial fibrosis. The
processes of fibrosis in a certain way are associated with the severity of a variety of cardiac arrhythmias. Myocardial
fibrosis may be manifested by prolongation of the QRS complex, frequent ventricular arrhythmias and ventricular
tachycardia on the electrocardiogram. Echocardiography is the main tool used to assess the structure and function of
the heart, it reveals an increase in the left ventricle, and decrease in ejection fraction and diastolic dysfunction of the
left ventricle and an increase in filling pressure. Biological markers are quantitatively defined biological parameters
that, as indicators, determine the norm, pathology and result of medecinal correction of the disease (definition of
experts from the Biomarkers Definitions Working Group, USA). Changes of biomarkers can be controlled to determine
the individual risk of cardiovascular diseases development and measures to normalize them. Among the main causes of
fibrosis activation, hyperactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and, as a consequence, the excessive
formation of angiotensinogen and aldosterone are considered; increased levels of galectin-3, which contributes to the
migration of macrophages, proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen synthesis in cardiomyocytes. Recently, much
attention is paid to the study of biochemical markers such as aldosterone, galectin-3 and transforming growth factorbeta-1.Thus, these markers were determined in hypertension, metabolic syndrome, congestive heart failure,
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation. However, to date studies considering
association between frequent ventricular premature beats, as a marker of electrical instability and plasma levels of
biomarkers of fibrosis, such as aldosterone, galectin-3and transforming growth factor beta-1, in patients with essential hypertension without / or in combination with coronary heart disease are absent. Based on the aforesaid material,,
further thorough study of this problem is promising.
