Abstract:
The article is devoted to the determination of bacterial contamination and antimicrobial protection of the oral cavity in patients with oncology of the oral cavity and also in healthy people, as a review of the literature on this issue. The aim of our study was to evaluate the antioxidantprooxidant system of oral fluid, indicators of antimicrobial protection and bacterial contamination of the oral cavity in patients with cancer of the oral cavity and oropharynx, comparatively with healthy individuals. The study was conducted on 30 subjects, including 20 patients with stage I-III oral cancer and 10 without cancer. The former were patients with cancer of the tongue (28.9%), of the mucous membrane of the alveolar process of the mandible (28.9%), of the mucous membrane of the bottom of the mouth (11.1%), of the mucous membrane of the lower lip (4.4 %), of the cheek mucosa (4.4%), of the mucous membrane of the hard palate (2.2%).The biochemical studies of oral fluid conducted in patients with oral oncopathology showed an increase in the intensity of lipid peroxidation (MDA content), high levels of microbial contamination (urease activity) and some degree of dysbiosis, with a simultaneous decrease in nonspecific antimicrobial protection (lysozyme activity) and antioxidant system (catalase and API activity). The results indicate a decrease in the local immune response. Analyzing the obtained results in the postoperative period in patients with oncopathology of the oral cavity, it is necessary to correct the local immune response, thus increasing non-specific antimicrobial protection for better wound healing and for avoiding postoperative complications.
