Safety and efficacy of initiation SGLT in heart failure with a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and chronic kidney disease on top of standard therapy with ARNI or ACE-i

Abstract

Quadruple therapy remains underused in cases of heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Among eligible patients most of them take ACE-i/ARB and B-blockers, less MRAs and ARNI. There are many questions of adding new foundational drugs, especially in the case of coexisting of HFrEF and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim was to compare the safety and effectiveness of initiation SGLT in patients (P) with HFrEF and CKD on standard therapy with ARNI or ACE-I.