Abstract:
A comprehensive approach to the examination of a gunshot injury is due to a significant number of factors that can affect the subsequent morphological, macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the injury. Such factors include, in particular, the type of weapon used, the distance of the shot, and the type of cartridges with which the weapon was equipped. However, factors such as the presence or absence of clothing on the injured person's body are no less important, but at the same time underestimated. One of the ways to facilitate expert work for employees of institutions dealing with gunshot injuries would be to identify relationships between the specified parameters. The most expedient way to achieve this at the moment would be to conduct an experimental study using a simulator of soft body tissues that is as close as possible to the human body. The purpose of the study was to establish correlations between the features of the deposition of the residual components of the shot, the features of damage to the simulator of the human body and the distance of the shot and the type of clothing that covered the simulator during shots from the "Fort 9R", "Fort 17R" pistols. Using the above-mentioned non-lethal pistols, 120 gelatin blocks imitating the soft tissues of the human body were shot at close range, 25 and 50 cm, with further analysis of the resulting damage and parameters of the temporary cavity in accordance with generally accepted methods. Chromato-mass spectrometry and infrared microscopy on a combined IR-Fourier spectrometer were used to detect gunpowder particles. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy was used to detect overlapping elements. Statistical processing of the received data was carried out in the license package "Statistica 6.0". When firing from Fort 9R and Fort 17R pistols, numerous reliable weak, medium, and strong (r=-0.28 – -0.93), weak and medium force direct (r=0.28 – 0.62) correlations were established between the features of the shot distance, the type of cover of the human body simulator and indicators of damage to clothing, non-biological human body simulator, indicators of the deposition of residual components of the shot. Thus, the results of the correlation analysis revealed the most significant correlations, which can be used in the future in the examination of gunshot injuries caused by "Fort 9R" and "Fort 17R" pistols.
