Abstract:
Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal death, and it complicates from 5 to 8% of all pregnancies. The aim of the research was to show the differences in anamnesis, diagnostics and prognosis, in groups of pregnant with hypertensive disorders. Retrospective investigation included 138 delivery histories and perinatal record cards from Vinnitsya Municipal Clinical Maternity hospital №1, in a period from 2016 till 2018. Women were divided into two investigated groups: I - 36 women with early preeclampsia, and II group - 52 women with late preeclampsia, and a control group of 50 women. The structure of somatic and gynecological diseases of pregnant women was studied, the severity of preeclampsia and the condition of the newborn were assessed according to the Apgar scale. Statistical processing of the obtained results was performed by odds ratio, its standard error and 95% confidence interval were calculated according to D. G. Altman (1991). It is established that in women with obesity or excessive body weight (every second women in groups), and those who had cardiovascular disorders (twice more often with late preeclampsia) developed preeclampsia more often, comparing to control group. All cases of antenatal and early neonatal death of newborn were registered in a group with early preeclampsia, which points out on heavier flow of the disease and different pathogenesis. Cases of early pregnancy toxemia and edema of pregnant occurred twice more often, in group with early preeclampsia, and ran more heavy (up to the development of ascites), comparing to the second group. Debut of symptoms was earlier, that requires earlier prophylaxis (since week 12). Fetal intrauterine growth retardation, reversible and high resistant blood stream during ultrasound were marked only in group with EP. In future, this research together with pathohistological investigation of placentas and immunohistochemical research of those tissues, can underlie predictive and preventive personalized system for early and late preeclampsia.
