Abstract:
The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exchange in the heart and blood
vessels during experimental obesity induced by a high-calorie, high-fat diet and to the justification of approaches to
the correction of detected violations by modulators of various ways of sulfide exchange. It is known that a decrease
in the level of endogenous H2S is a factor in the development of arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, left
ventricular dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis, and heart failure. The primary source of H2S in the heart and blood vessels is PLP-dependent L-cysteine desulfurization reactions, an alternative source can be sulfur transferase reactions of thiosulfate exchange. The role of different pathways of H2S metabolism in the mechanisms of damage to the cardiovascular system due to obesity is unclear, and the search for effective and safe correctors of sulfide metabolism is urgent. The work aimed to find out the effect of lipoic acid, zinc sulfate and sodium thiosulfate on H2S exchange in the cardiovascular system of rats with experimental obesity (EO) and to compare it with the effect of reference modulators of the H2S / cystathionine-γ-lyase pathway. According to the results of our research, EO is characterized by the formation of H2S deficiency in the heart and blood vessels, a decrease in the activity of the main H2S-synthesizing enzymes (cystathionine-γ-lyase, cysteine aminotransferase / 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase), inhibition of mitochondrial pathways of H2S oxidation and deposition. Propargylglycine deepens the disturbance of sulphide metabolism, whereas the reference donor H2S (NaHS) reduces their severity. Lipoic acid, zinc sulfate, sodium thiosulfate
effectively adjust the level of H2S in the cardiovascular system under EO conditions, activate L-cysteine desulfurization processes and thiosulfate-dependent reactions of H2S formation, increase the activity of thioredoxin reductase and sulfite oxidase, and are not inferior to NaHS in effectiveness. Establishing the role of modulators of H2S exchange in regulating the functional state of the cardiovascular system during obesity will allow for improvement in the treatment and prevention of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in the future.
