Morphological changes of the liver under conditions of hyperhomocysteinemia in the background of hypo- and hyperthyroidism

Abstract

Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine are very important for normal growth, development andorgan function. These hormones regulate the basal rate of metabolism of all cells,including hepatocytes, and thus modulate liver function. There is a close connectionbetween hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCy) and the induction of oxidative processes,disruption of nitric oxide production of NO synthase, damage to the endoplasmicreticulum and activation of inflammatory processes in the liver. Disorders of homocysteinemetabolism (HC) in thyroid dysfunction are also known. Therefore, it can be assumedthat the violation of the structure and functions of the liver will be an importantmanifestation of the negative impact of HHCy on organs and tissues in hyper- andhypothyroidism. The aim of the study was to establish the reorganization of the structuralcomponents of the liver in the conditions of modelized HHCy, hyper- and hypothyroidismand their joint effects. Thiolactone HHCy was modelized by administering to animalsan exogenous HC in the form of thiolactone at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight once aday for 28 days. Hyperthyroidism was modelized by daily administration of L-thyroxineat a dose of 200 μg/kg for the 21days, hypothyroidism - daily administration of thiamazoleat a dose of 10 mg/kg for the 21 days. Individual groups of animals were administeredL-thyroxine and thiamazole in parallel with HC. It was found that in the conditions ofsimulated HHCy, hypo- and hyperthyroidism in the liver of experimental animals thereis an incompleteness of hepatocyte beams, changes in hepatocytes of destructive,dystrophic and necrotic nature with signs of steatosis, vascular disorders. Conclusions:both HHCy and hypo- or hyperthyroidism lead to a violation of the structural organizationof liver tissue. With the development of thyroid dysfunction on the background of HHCy,the disturbances of the histological structure of hepatocytes significantly increased.