Instrumental and laboratory study of jaw mineralization level in female patients with estrogen imbalance

Abstract

Introduction: Prevention of dental caries and non-carious lesions associated with demineralizing effect of estrogen imbalance in perimenopause women is relevant problem in modern dentistry. The aim: To improve the effectiveness of prevention of caries and non-carious lesions in female patients with estrogen imbalance. Materials and methods: 3 groups of patients were selected for the study (20 women in each): the patients of the control group receiving no additional treatment, the patients of experimental group 1 receiving general therapy with complex calcium supplements, the patients of experimental group 2 receiving general therapy of complex calcium medicines combined with aminobisphosphonates. To quantify bone density of the jaws by computed tomography method, X-ray attenuation scale, called the Hounsfield scale was used. Bone tissues of the jaws were studied using 3D cone beam computed tomography scanner Planmeca ProMax. Planmeca Romexis® software was used for data processing and interpretation. Estrogen level was estimated in all patients to confirm its imbalance. The level of serum acid phosphatase was determined for indirect study of osteoporosis degree. Results: At the beginning of the research, significant bone demineralization and increased level of acidic phosphatase were observed in all groups of women. In6 months of treatment the Hounsfield index and the level of acidic phosphatase in the control group were almost unchanged; in experimental group 1 – 1571±44 HU and 4.93 ± 0.26 IU/l; in experimental group 2 – 1701±48 HU and 2.43± 0.18 IU/l. Conclusions: Combination therapy consisting of calcium phosphate with vitamin D3 and aminobisphosphonates used for 6 months increased bone mineralization by 13.05% and reduced the activity of acid phosphatase by64.2%. This therapeutic complex results in decreased destruction of bone tissue and enhances remineralization of bone tissue and dental hard tissues.