Короткий опис (реферат):
The purpose of the work is to investigate the screening frequency of anxiety anddepressive disorders and their manifestations in young adolescents to determine riskfactors and develop measures for their prevention. Anxiety testing was conducted for313 students of educational institutions of the Khmelnitsky region aged 10-14 years:156 (49.8 %) boys and 157 (50.2 %) girls. 258 people were tested for the spectrum ofdepressive disorders, of which 51.9 % (134) were boys and 48.1 % (124) girls. SpielbergerState-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to study anxiety, and Children's DepressionInventory (CDI) by M. Kovacs, was used to diagnose depression. The probability wasevaluated using Student's t-test with the construction of a 95 % confidence interval (CI)for the difference in means. Quantitative traits are given as M±σ. A high level of personalanxiety was determined in 20 (6.4 %), and situational anxiety in 17 (5.4 %) people. Theaverage level of personal anxiety was determined in 38 (12.1 %), and situational anxiety – in 142 (45.3 %) people. A low level of personal anxiety was identified in 255 (81.5 %),and situational anxiety – in 154 (49.3 %) people. That is, most students of earlyadolescence had a low level of both personal and situational anxiety. Signs of depressivedisorders were detected in 50.0 % of the examined children of early adolescence whocompleted the questionnaires, in particular, mild manifestations of depression werefound in 70 (27.2 %) people, moderate in 46 (17.2 %) people, severe depression in 13(5.0 %) people. The level of depressive symptoms in girls was higher (53.32±12.54points) compared with boys (50.01±9.94 points), respectively (95 % CI, 0.5 – 6.0;p<0.019). The level of depressive symptoms among students in the city was higher(50.45±8.93 points) compared with students in rural schools (46.74±10.81 points),respectively (95% CI, 0.5 – 6.9, p<0.023). When comparing the severity of depressivesymptoms in children from a boarding school (59.64±15.03 points) with students ofother secondary schools (52.02±9.74 points), its predominance was significant preciselyin children who study at a boarding school (95% CI, 2.5 – 16.3; p<0.008). So, in childrenof early adolescence, most have a low level of anxiety. At the same time, depressivedisorders of varying degrees were revealed in 50.0 % of the examined children, whichmanifested themselves mainly in the form of low mood and anhedonia. Female sex,urban living, and having an incomplete family or orphanhood are some of the key riskfactors for depression in young children.
