Короткий опис (реферат):
Along with a pronounced antitumor effect, Doxorubicin causes systemic effects with
damage to vital organs, including the heart. It prompts the search for ways to prevent the
cardiotoxic effect of the drug, one of which could be its intravesical administration. The
aim of the study was to develop a method of serial intravesical administration of
Doxorubicin in medium therapeutic doses in an experiment and to evaluate the
cardiotoxic effect of the drug. 42 female Wistar rats were included in the study. The
control group consisted of 7 intact rats. The experimental group consisted of 35 rats
who received intravesical chemotherapy with Doxorubicin at a dose of 5 mg/kg once a
week for 5 weeks. On days 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 35th the hearts of experimental animals
were taken for morphological examination. Histomorphometrically determined: the
diameter of cardiomyocytes (in the middle part) and the transverse diameter of their
nucleus, the width of the interstitial space (endo- and perimysium). The data of
histomorphological and histomorphometric examination of the myocardium testified
that all animals of the experimental group had a circulatory disorder in the heart muscle
at the level of hemomicrocirculation. Such changes led to cardiomyocyte hypotrophy,
interstitial edema and fibrosis. During intravesical chemotherapy, the animals showed
marked changes in the myocardium, such as expansion of the endomysial zone, due to
capillary congestion and edema, in comparison with animals of the intact group. At the
end of the experiment, the animals of the experimental group retained the expansion of
the endomysial zone, mainly due to interstitial fibrosis. Such changes indicate myocardial
hypoxemia with damage and death of cardiomyocytes, activation of interstitial and
replacement collagen formation. The obtained morphological data partially indicate
the development of dilated cardiomyopathy in experimental animals. However, these
changes were less pronounced than the previously described changes that occur after
systemic administration of the drug. Additional studies of the electrophysiological
activity of the heart and biochemical markers will make it possible to fully assess the
degree of cardiotoxicity of Doxorubicin after its intravesical administration. Thus,
serial intravesical administration of Doxorubicin in moderate therapeutic doses
according to the proposed method causes changes in the myocardium of experimental
animals, which are partially similar to the changes in the heart of people receiving
chemotherapy with this drug.
