Orthodontic Correction Under Adverse Conditions

Abstract

The article presents the results of a study conducted to compare the effect of proposed z-shaped design and traditional Fixed orthodontic technique (FOT) on the state of the microvasculature of the oral cavity. The study was carried out on 32 rabbits. The intact group, the group with the use of traditional straight-arch FOT, and the group with a z-shaped bracket design were formed. Morphological study of periodontal tissues was carried out after removing of the animals from the experiment on the 5th and 20th days. During the study, it was found that focal ischemic injuries were observed in the straight-arch FOT group, associated with a gradual decrease in the diameter of arterioles to 13.34±0.61x10-6 m (23.12±0.45x10-6 m in the intact group) on the 20th day. Focal ischemic damage was not detected in using of z-shaped structure with diameter of the arterioles 22.14±0.91x10-6 m, which does not significantly different from the intact group. The use of FOT leads to significant changes in the microcirculatory bed (MCB) of the periodontium, which is one of the factors in the development of the focus of ischemia and tissue damage. The use of a z-shaped FOT helps to reduce the negative impact on the MCB state with a decrease in the ischemic area on the 20th day from 31.79±3.82% to 12.03±1.22% (p<0.05) compared with the technique straight arch.