Comparative characteristics of changes in the component composition of the body mass of young people, rural and city residents during education in a higher educational institution

Abstract

Reforms and the integration of our Country into European standards led to changes in medical control and provision of conditions for obtaining education and emphasized the importance of preserving the health of students, one of the monitoring methods of which is control over indicators of physical development. The purpose of our study is to determine changes in the component composition of body weight during 2 academic years in rural and urban residents under the education. We used J. Matiegka’s formulas for the research. We determined the component composition of body mass in 200 practically healthy men (100 residents of the village, 100 residents of the city) in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd years of study at the Higher Professional School of Civil Defense of the Lviv University of Life Safety (Vinnytsia). Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out in the package “STATISTICA 6.1” using parametric and non-parametric methods of evaluating the obtained results. Analysing the obtained results, it can be concluded that at the beginning of the study, there was no significant difference in the indicators of the component composition of the body mass of young men from the village and the city, although the bone and fat indicators of the components were higher in the residents of the village, and the muscle component was higher in the city dwellers. During education, the indicators of muscle and bone components increased in both groups of young men, and the increase prevailed in the first year of training; the indicator of the fat component decreased during the education of rural and urban youth, mainly in the first year. The intergroup annual change of all indicators of the component composition of body weight in the first year of education of the village residents were greater compared to the city residents’ ones, and the indicator of the annual fat component change had significant differences. In the second year of study, the intergroup annual change of all indicators of the component composition of body weight was again greater among the residents of the village, but there were no significant differences.