Фактори та умови еволюції - історія і сучасність

Abstract

Aim. As the genetic code is actually a protein’s code so still leaves in the shade the answer to the question that is our aim. Why in the certain time, in the right place happens the proper phenomenon during the formation of various configurations of cells, organs and organisms. Methods. Studying and analyzing the various scientific literature, we sought to theoretically give an answer to this question. Results. Synthetic theory of evolution is considering genome as a passive structure that encodes and transmits accidentally arising variations of genotypes. However, in recent years become more known the facts that indicate the genome is an active system that self-regulated and self-organized. The genome includes not only the material for evolution, but the mechanisms of its application for the creation of new genotypes and phenotypes in the future for active participation in the process of their own evolution. The modern scientific data confirm that most evolutionarily success is the genome that is capable of change. This means that in the genome there are mechanisms that control and create diverse and concerted restructuring of DNA. Conclusions. Evolution is the continuous development in which organisms survive. The evolution is typical for all levels of nature. The main active factors of evolution are a mutation, a recombination, a hybridization and a transgenesis.