Короткий опис (реферат):
Susceptibility testing of clinical multidrug-resistant (MDR) and reference P. aeruginosa
strains was performed using the standard twofold serial dilution method. The
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration
(MBC) of antiseptics were determined. MIC and MBC values were also interpreted
as the bacteriostatic index of antiseptic activity (BSIAA) and the bactericidal index
of antiseptic activity (BCIAA). The ability of strains to form biofilms, the inhibition
of biofilm formation, and the destruction of mature biofilms under the influence
of bacteriostatic, bactericidal, and ½ of the initial antiseptic concentration
were modeled using Christensen’s test. Antiseptics from the detergent group,
decamethoxine (0.1 and 0.02%) and polyhexanide (0.1%), demonstrated the highest
antimicrobial activity. Their bacteriostatic concentrations were 63.2 ± 5.2 μg/mL and
68.7 ± 4.2 μg/mL, respectively. The ranking of antiseptics by bacteriostatic efficacy
was: decamethoxine > polyhexanide > octenidine > miramistin > chlorhexidine.
The highest BSIAA values were observed for povidone-iodine 10%, decamethoxine
0.1%, octenidine 0.1%, and polyhexanide 0.1%. The highest bactericidal IAA values
were found for povidone-iodine 10%, decamethoxine 0.1%, octenidine 0.1%,
and polyhexanide 0.1%. Miramistin 0.01% was deemed insufficiently effective.
Polyhexanide exhibited the highest bactericidal activity, with a BCIAA to BSIAA ratio
of 0.88. For all other antiseptics, this ratio ranged from 0.5 to 0.6. All tested strains
exhibited a high capacity for biofilm formation. All antiseptics significantly inhibited
biofilm formation. Octenidine had the strongest effect on immature biofilms,
reducing their formation by 28.5% (p < 0.0001). The MICs of most antiseptics
stimulated mature biofilm development. The bacteriostatic concentration of
octenidine led to the eradication of biofilm by 4.7% (p < 0.001) compared to the
control. The MBC of most antiseptics (except chlorhexidine) eradicated mature
biofilms by 4–30.6%, whereas chlorhexidine stimulated mature biofilm growth
by 17.9%. All antiseptics, at half their initial concentration, partially eradicated
MDR Pseudomonas biofilms by 11.3–42.4%. Analysing the effect of octenidine at different concentrations and stages of biofilm formation highlights its strong
activity against P. aeruginosa biofilms. Our findings underscore the importance
of carefully monitoring P. aeruginosa isolates for antiseptic susceptibility. This
approach can help prevent the development of selective conditions that promote
resistant microorganisms and limit their spread.
