Кафедра стоматології дитячого віку

Post-concussion syndrome: Part 1. Overview of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of mild blast-related traumatic brain injury

2026-01-07T07:57:44Z

Post-concussion syndrome: Part 1. Overview of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of mild blast-related traumatic brain injury Biloshytsky, V. V.; Zavaliy, Yu. V.; Pachevska, A. V.; Biloshytskyi, I. V. This article provides a review of current data on the epidemiology and pathophysiology of mild blast-related traumatic brain injury (mbTBI), which has become the leading type of injury in modern military conflicts. The prevalence of mbTBI among U.S. military personnel during operations in Afghanistan and Iraq is described, with emphasis on the cumulative effect of repeated injuries that increases the risk of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. The paper discusses the main mechanisms of blast wave impact on the brain, including direct and indirect effects, pathomorphological changes, and differences from “civilian” mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Current insights into molecular and cellular alterations underlying mbTBI are summarized, along with data from experimental and clinical studies. These findings are crucial for developing effective diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies, and rehabilitation programs for service members and veterans.

Correlations of teleradiometric «skeletal and dento-skeletal» indices according to the Ricketts method with the sizes of teeth and dental arches in Ukrainian young men and young women with physiological occlusion without and with consideration of facial type

2026-01-16T09:40:10Z

Correlations of teleradiometric «skeletal and dento-skeletal» indices according to the Ricketts method with the sizes of teeth and dental arches in Ukrainian young men and young women with physiological occlusion without and with consideration of facial type Brotskyi, N. O. The increasing prevalence of orthodontic pathology among adolescents necessitates a deeper analysis of morphological factors influencing the formation of the dentofacial system. Studying the relationships between maxillofacial structures and the dimensions of the dental arches taking into account the type of face is an important step towards early diagnosis and prevention of occlusion disorders. The aim of the study was to establish the features of correlations between «skeletal and dento-skeletal» teleradiometric indicators according to the Ricketts method with the dimensions of teeth and dental arches in Ukrainian young men and young women with physiological occlusion without and with the type of face. In 41 Ukrainian young men and 68 Ukrainian young women with physiological occlusion without and with Garson's facial type, teleradiometric «skeletal and dento-skeletal» parameters were determined by the Ricketts method (distances A-NPog, 6u-PTV, 1l-APog, 1u-APog, Xi-OcP and angles ANS-Xi-PM, Mand1-APog, Max1-APog), computed tomography dimensions of teeth and dental arches. Correlations between «skeletal and dento-skeletal» teleradiometric parameters and computed tomography dimensions of teeth and dental arches were assessed in the licensed package «Statistica 6.0» using nonparametric Spearman statistics. When analyzing reliable and medium-strength unreliable correlations between «skeletal and dento-skeletal» teleradiometric indicators according to the Ricketts method with the sizes of teeth and dental arches, it was established: in young men and young women, regardless of facial type, there were, respectively, 7.14 % (mostly direct medium-strength reliable) and 8.93 % (mostly direct medium- and weak-strength reliable) relationships with the sizes of teeth of the upper jaw, 6.79 % (mostly direct medium-strength reliable) and 11.07 % (mostly direct weak- and medium-strength reliable) relationships with the sizes of teeth of the lower jaw, and 9.03 % (mostly direct medium-strength reliable) and 19.44 % (mostly direct medium-strength reliable) with the sizes of dental arches; in young men and young women with a wide face type – respectively 12.86 % (mainly direct average strength unreliable) and 21.07 % (mainly direct average strength unreliable, inverse average strength reliable and unreliable) connections with the sizes of the teeth of the upper jaw, 15.36 % (mainly direct and inverse average strength unreliable) and 27.14 % (mainly inverse and direct average strength unreliable) connections with the sizes of the teeth of the lower jaw and 19.44 % (mainly inverse and direct average strength unreliable) and 24.31 % (mainly direct and inverse average strength reliable and unreliable) with the sizes of the dental arches; in young women with a very wide face type – 14.64 % (evenly direct and inverse average strength reliable and unreliable) connections with the sizes of the teeth of the upper jaw, 13.93 % (mostly inverse average strength reliable and unreliable) connections with the sizes of the teeth of the lower jaw and 27.78 % (mostly inverse average strength reliable and unreliable) with the sizes of the dental arches. In Ukrainian young men and young women with physiological occlusion, both without taking into account the type of face, and in representatives with a wide face type, pronounced manifestations of sexual dimorphism of the connections between «skeletal and dento-skeletal» teleradiometric indicators according to the Ricketts method and computed tomography sizes of the teeth and dental arches were established.

Girth and transverse body dimensions in Ukrainian young women with genital endometriosis without and taking into account somatotype

2026-01-15T09:44:25Z

Girth and transverse body dimensions in Ukrainian young women with genital endometriosis without and taking into account somatotype Nyzova, O. A.; Chaika, H. V.; Skoruk, R. V.; Smoiko, D. G.; Ivanitsa, A. O.; Strii, V. V. Determining the features of the body structure in women with gynecological diseases is an important direction of modern scientific research. Anthropometric characteristics can reflect complex relationships between the constitutional features of the body and pathological processes. Assessment of these parameters allows us to expand our understanding of individual risk factors. This creates the prerequisites for the development of new approaches to diagnosis and prevention. The aim of the study was to establish the features of girth and transverse body dimensions in Ukrainian young women with genital endometriosis without and taking into account the somatotype. In 89 Ukrainian young women (aged 16 to 18 years) with genital endometriosis, the girth and transverse body dimensions were determined. The control group consisted of the initial girth and transverse body dimensions of 78 practically healthy Ukrainian young women of a similar age group taken from the data bank of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya Research Center. Statistical processing was performed in the licensed package “Statistica 6.0” using non-parametric methods for evaluating the results. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that in patients with genital endometriosis young women without taking into account the somatotype and representatives of different somatotypes, the girth dimensions of the body have significantly smaller values, or tendencies towards smaller values (more pronounced in groups without taking into account the somatotype and in ecto-mesomorphs), and the width of the distal epiphyses of the upper limb, the transverse lower thoracic and anterior-posterior mid-thoracic diameters are, on the contrary, significantly larger than the corresponding indicators of practically healthy young women of similar groups. In addition, in patients young women without taking into account the somatotype and representatives of the mesomorphic somatotype, the width of the distal epiphysis of the thigh is significantly smaller than in practically healthy young women of similar groups. Larger values of the width of the distal epiphyses of the upper extremities in young women patients against the background of smaller values of the width of the distal epiphyses of the thigh are a manifestation of the “subpathological” constitutional type in girls with genital endometriosis. When comparing the girth dimensions of the body between young women patients of different somatotypes, in most cases significantly larger values were found in representatives of the mesomorphic somatotype; and when comparing transverse dimensions, in most cases significantly smaller values were found in representatives of the ectomorphic somatotype.

Models of linear dimensions necessary for constructing the correct shape of the dental arch in boys and girls with a wide face type depending on the characteristics of teleradiometric indicators

2026-01-15T09:16:51Z

Models of linear dimensions necessary for constructing the correct shape of the dental arch in boys and girls with a wide face type depending on the characteristics of teleradiometric indicators Brotskyi, N. O.; Dmitriev, M. O.; Arshynnikov, R. S.; Drachuk, N. V.; Popova, O. I.; Moskalenko, V. B.; Ruban, M. M. One of the key tasks of modern orthodontics is the development of individualized approaches to modeling dentalarches taking into account the morphological and functional characteristics of patients. Studying the influence of teleradiometriccharacteristics and three-dimensional parameters of teeth allows to significantly increase the accuracy of orthodontic treatment andthe stability of the obtained results. Particular attention should be paid to age and gender differences that affect the structure of the faceand the ratio of its structures. The expansion of scientific knowledge in this area contributes to the improvement of methods forpredicting and constructing correct forms of dental arches. The aim of the work is to develop and analyze regression models of lineardimensions necessary for constructing the correct shape of the dental arch in Ukrainian young men and young women with aphysiological bite and a wide face type depending on the features of teleradiometric indicators according to the Ricketts method andcomputed tomography dimensions of the teeth. An analysis of primary computed tomograms of 25 Ukrainian young men and 25 youngwomen with a physiological bite and a wide face type was conducted. According to the Ricketts method, “dental”, “skeletal and dento-skeletal” indicators, indicators of “soft tissue aesthetics”, indicators of “craniofacial relationships” and indicators of “internal structures”were determined on lateral teleradiograms. Morphometric parameters of the teeth of the upper and lower jaws in the mesio-distal andvestibulo-oral directions were determined on computed tomograms; as well as the distances necessary for constructing the correctshape of the dental arches. Regression models were constructed using the Statistica 6.0 license package. It was found that both inUkrainian young men with a wide face type and in young women, all 18 possible reliable regression models with a coefficient ofdetermination greater than 0.6 were constructed (respectively in young men R2= from 0.799 to 0.960, p<0.001 in all cases, in youngwomen R2= from 0.660 to 0.950, p<0.001 in all cases). The following percentages of occurrence in the regression equations ofteleradiometric indicators and computed tomography dimensions of teeth were established: in teleradiometric indicators according tothe Ricketts method (37.50 %), the width of the tooth crown in the mesio-distal direction (18.75 %), the distance from the cutting edgeto the dentino-enamel border line of the tooth in the mesio-distal direction to the apex of the tooth root (9.82 %), the width of the dentino-enamel border of the tooth in the mesio-distal direction and the distance from the cutting edge to the apex of the tooth root (8.04 %each). The following percentages of occurrence in the regression equations of the corresponding teeth were also established: in youngmen – upper incisors (17.09 %), upper canines (11.11 %), upper premolar teeth and lower incisors (10.26 % each); in young women–upper incisors (27.68 %), lower incisors (10.71 %) and lower canines (8.93 %). The constructed highly informative regression modelswill allow dentists to reasonably approach the interpretation of the results obtained in patients and implement a more correct approachto orthodontic treatment