Кафедра мікробіології

Study of the effect of biogalvanic current on biofilm formation of multidrug-resistant clinical strains of opportunistic pathogens of wound infection

2025-12-12T08:44:59Z

Study of the effect of biogalvanic current on biofilm formation of multidrug-resistant clinical strains of opportunistic pathogens of wound infection Nahaichuk, V. I.; Bebyk, V.V.; Denysko, T. V.; Chornopyshchuk, R. M.; Leichenko, Y. V.; Nazarchuk, О. А. Introduction.Standard antibiotic treatment is ineffective against infections associated with biofilms and multidrug-resistant pathogens. Purpose.To study the effect of low-intensity currents without external power sources on the biofilm-forming properties of multidrug-resistant pathogens responsible for infectious complications in combat wounds and burns. Materials and methods. The effect of biogalvanic current on the biofilm-forming properties was studied in relation to multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from infected combat-related shrapnel and blast wounds, as well as burns of various localizations. Clinical strain suspensions in saline solution and meat-peptone broth (MPB; ≈1.6 × 10⁹ CFU/mL) were pre-exposed to low-intensity currents (46-50 μA in saline and 54-60 μA in MPB) for 48 hours. Biofilm formation was assessed using Christensen’s method, which is based on microorganism adhesion to the surface of a plastic microplate, followed by fixation, staining with crystal violet, and spectrophotometric analysis of the dye dissolved in alcohol. Optical density (OD) was measured at a wavelength of 620 nm. Results. Exposure to galvanic current without external power sources induced a bioelectric effect, resulting in a reduction in the biofilm-forming properties of multidrug-resistant clinical strains of S. aureus, A. baumannii, and P. aeruginosa. The decrease was observed both in nutrient medium conditions (by 28.26%, 24.82%, and 11.89%, respectively) and in saline solution (by 33.18%, 28.0%, and 16.31%, respectively). A statistically significant reduction in biofilm formation intensity was observed for S. aureus and A. baumannii after exposure to current in MPB, with OD values 1.38-fold (p < 0.001) and 1.33-fold (p = 0.01) lower than the control, respectively. The optical density values were 0.223±0.008 OD units and 0.238±0.010 OD units compared to control values of 0.311±0.019 OD units and 0.317±0.019 OD units. Under the influence of low-intensity current in isotonic solution, the indicators characterizing the biofilm-forming ability of clinical strains of S. aureus, A. baumannii, and P. aeruginosa were statistically significantly lower by 1.19–1.49 times, measuring 0.200±0.013 OD (p = 0.05) and 0.364±0.020 OD (p < 0.05), respectively, compared to the control (0.304±0.020 OD, 0.286±0.021 OD, and 0.435±0.027 OD, respectively). Conclusions. Continuous exposure to low-intensity current without external power sources in isotonic solution and nutrient meat-peptone broth reduces the biofilm-forming properties of clinical strains of S. aureus, A. baumannii, and P. aeruginosa by 11.89–33.18%, indicating additional therapeutic potential of biogalvanic current in treating infectious complications caused by biofilm-forming multidrug-resistant microorganisms

Characteristics of dominant conditionally pathogenic microbiota among critically ill children during the operation of the anesthesiology and intensive care unit in shelter conditions during the war in Ukraine

2025-12-12T08:27:15Z

Characteristics of dominant conditionally pathogenic microbiota among critically ill children during the operation of the anesthesiology and intensive care unit in shelter conditions during the war in Ukraine Starodub, V. A.; Nazarchuk, О. А.; Starodub, A. I. The relevance of this study lies in examining the dominant opportunistic microbiota among critically ill children in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of a tertiary care hospital during wartime in Ukraine. This is crucial for understanding the impact of antimicrobial resistance on the treatment of infections. The aim of the study was to identify the spectrum of dominant opportunistic microorganisms in patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, which operated from a shelter facility during 2023, and to assess the antibiotic susceptibility of leading pathogens. Microbiological analysis was conducted on biological material obtained from 25 critically ill children diagnosed with various conditions, including acute bronchitis, pneumonia, acute hematogenous osteomyelitis, closed traumatic brain injury, mechanical asphyxia, severe carbon monoxide poisoning, polytrauma, and epilepsy. Samples were collected on the day of admission to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit and subsequently every three days until discharge or transfer. Key findings revealed that the dominant pathogens included Staphylococcus aureus (25%), Candida albicans (24.1%), Enterobacter aerogenes (17.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.7%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.9%). These microorganisms exhibited high levels of antibiotic resistance, complicating infection treatment. Clinical isolates of Enterobacter aerogenes and Enterobacter cloacae showed resistance to meropenem (97.4%), while Klebsiella oxytoca and K. pneumoniae were resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Analysis of S. aureus susceptibility indicated 100% sensitivity to linezolid, but high resistance to amoxicillin and trimethoprim (74%). The study highlights the urgent need for rational antibiotic use, careful selection and combination of existing drugs for improved therapeutic outcomes, and enhanced strategies for infection control and prevention to ensure effective treatment of infections in critically ill pediatric patients.

Вплив мікроамперного струму на клінічні штами Acinetobacter baumannii з ознаками множинної лікарської стійкості та прояв біоелектричного ефекту

2025-12-12T08:09:41Z

Вплив мікроамперного струму на клінічні штами Acinetobacter baumannii з ознаками множинної лікарської стійкості та прояв біоелектричного ефекту Назарчук, О. А.; Бебик, В. В.; Дениско, Т. В.; Назарчук, Г. Г.; Пархоменко, О. Г. There is an urgent need to develop new effective strategies to combat resistant bacteria. The aim was to investigate the effect of microampere current on resistant A. baumannii strains and its impact on bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics. The study of the effect of low-intensity currents on the reference and clinical strains of A. baumannii (n=15) was conducted in isotonic solution and meat-peptone broth (MPB), followed by measuring the optical density (OD) after 24 and 48 hours of incubation. The change in microorganism susceptibility to ceftazidime was also evaluated. The OD values after current exposure on the reference strain A. baumannii in isotonic solution significantly (p≤0.05) differed from the values without current exposure by 1.7 and 1.55 times at 24 and 48 hours, respectively. The effect of currents on clinical strains led to a significant decrease (p≤0.05) in OD values (1.9±0.4 – without current exposure; 1.2±0.2 – after current exposure) by 1.58 times at 48 hours. Under the influence of currents, the cell concentration of clinical A. baumannii strains in MPB at 48 hours significantly decreased by 1.18 times (p≤0.05). A statistically significant bioelectric effect was also observed after prior exposure to microampere currents on A. baumannii strains, manifested by the reduction of bacterial resistance to ceftazidime. The average values of the minimum inhibitory concentrations of ceftazidime significantly (p≤0.001) decreased approximately 3.38 times, and the bactericidal ones – 4.18 times. Low-intensity currents exhibit a significant bactericidal effect on clinically relevant multidrug-resistant A. baumannii strains and enhance their susceptibility to antibiotics.

CCL2/MCP-1 level in serum of acute pain syndrome patients with wounds sustained in combat

2025-12-12T07:12:52Z

CCL2/MCP-1 level in serum of acute pain syndrome patients with wounds sustained in combat Dmytriiev, D.; Nazarchuk, O.; Dobrovanov, O.; Vidiscak, M. Background: The aim of our study was to examine the relationship between the inflammatory response and the pain response by determining the level of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2)/mono-cytechemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in the serum of patients with combat injuries in the perioperative period with different methods of analgesia. Materials and methods: The study involved 24 servicemen with gunshot wounds to extremities of various localizations due to a mine or explosive mechanism. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n = 12)– received standard general anesthesia (with intravenous infusion of 0.005% fentanyl, morphine 1%), group 2 (n = 12)–combination of general anesthesia and infiltration anesthesia of the wound with 0.5% bupivacaine. Results: The plasma CCL2/MCP-1 level in the patients prior surgery averaged 19.15 ± 6.80 pg/ml pg/ml; (p < 0.05). After 12 hours in patients from group 1 there was an increase in the level of CCL2/MCP-1 in the blood plasma (3.1 times), p < 0.05, and 9.5 times 24 hours after surgery. In group 2 there wasn’t an increase in inflammatory markers after 12 hours, but after 24 hours after surgery, plasma CCL2/MCP-1 level significantly increased 3.3 times (p < 0.05). In the preoperative period the pain intensity ranked by the visual analog scale 7.8 scores, in the postoperative period, the degree of pain intensity was quantitatively the lowest in group 2. Conclusions: MCP-1 biomarker levels may be an indicator of the intensity of the inflammatory process and pain in the perioperative period. The CCL2/MCP-1 level is significantly influenced by the type of anesthesia.